Page 11 - Open-Access-February-2020

TECHNICAL PAPER

• Large changes in weighting schemes applied to the [7] Damineli, B. L., Kemeid, F. M., Aguiar, P. S. and John, V.
environmental impacts (0.25 to 0.7 or 0.1 to 0.7) generally M. (2010). "Measuring the eco-efficiency of cement use"
have little influence on the EDI results (<4%) for the Cement and Concrete Composites, 32, 555-562.
concrete mix designs considered in this study, compared to
the selection of cementitious material used in concrete. [8] Stranddorf, H. K., Hoffmann L., and Schmidt, A. (2005).
"Update on Impact Categories, Normalisation and
• The sensitivity of the results to the truck transportation Weighting in LCA- Selected EDIP97-data". Danish EPA.
distances was also explored by generating results using
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Changes in transportation distance up to approximately (2010). "Comparative environmental assessment of natural
1470 km have < 3% overall influence on the EDI results and recycled aggregate concrete". Waste Management, 30,
for each given mix design. This suggests that the truck 2255-2264.
transportation processes do not have a large contribution
to the overall LCIA results in this study in comparison to the [10] Rametsteiner, E., Pulzl, H., Alkan-Olsson, J., and
selection of cementing materials. Frederiksen, P. (2011). "Sustainability indicator
development- Science or political negotiation?". Ecological
• Electricity and transportation LCI data should be updated Indicators, 61-70.
as the energy climate in Ontario and Canada continues
to evolve over time. This will ensure that LCA results [11] Moldan, B., Janouskova, S. and Hak, T. (2012). "How to
generated by the model remain temporally appropriate for understand and measure environmental sustainability-
the scope of future studies. Indicators and targets". Ecological Indicators, 4-13.

ACkNOwLeDGeMeNt [12] Fernandez-Sanchez, G. and Rodriguez-Lopez, F. (2010).
"A methodology to identify sustainability indicators
The authors acknowledge the MTO Highway Infrastructure in construction project management- Application to
Innovations Funding Program (HIIFP) (2013-2015) program for infrastructure projects in Spain". Ecological Indicators,
support of this research. Opinions expressed in this report are 1193-1201.
those of the authors and may not necessarily reflect the views
and policies of the Ministry of Transportation of Ontario.
[13] ASTM International (2012). “Standard Test Method
for Electrical Indication of Concrete's Ability to Resist
ReFeReNCes
Chloride Ion Penetration”. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM
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16 The IndIan ConCreTe Journal | FeBruarY 2020